高中三年级英语学案units 3-4 (b3)
【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1.govern vt. & vi.统治;控制;治理
the mayor governed the city very wisely.
self interest governs all his actions.
government n.政府，政体，统治；governor总督，省长，主管人员；the governing class统治阶级；the governing body董事会，理事会
2. as a consequence (of)作为（……的）结果
as a consequence of his laziness, he was fired.
as a consequence, the bitterest race hatrads broke out in hungary.
类似表达：in (as a) consequence of由于……，因……;as a result of因……
3.break out(火灾、疾病、战争、暴乱等)突然发生
break away from脱离；放弃（习惯等）；打破（陈规）
break into破门而入；突然……起来
break in闯入；打断
break up拆散；分裂；分解
break down毁掉；垮；身体垮下来
break off折断，打断
用法注意：break out一般不用于被动语态和进行时。
4.round up聚拢；征集；搜捕
the guide rounded up the tourists and took them back to the coach.
the teacher asked for the whole class to be rounded up.
5.classify vt.编排；分类
classify sth. according to/by sth.依据……分类
classify sb./sth. as归入……类；分等级
classify sb./sth. in/into…把……归为……类
the books in the library are classified by subject.
6.promote v.使晋升；促进；设立；发起
promote sb. to sth.提升，擢升某人
promote foreign trade促进对外贸易
promote a new product促销新产品
7.reward n. vt.报答；报酬；给报酬，奖赏
ask for reward不图报酬
give a reward to sb. for sth.为某事给某人报酬
offer a reward of…给酬金……
as a reward for…作为对……的酬谢
reward sb. for sth./doing sth.因……报答某人
reward sb. with/by…用……酬谢某人
8.pass away去世，逝世
pass by走过；经过；忽视
pass sth. down(常用于被动语态)一代一代传下去
pass sth. on(to sb.)将某物传交给（某人）
pass through sth.经历（一段时间）
二、词义辨析
1. respect, honour与regard
辨析：respect, honour与regard
（1）respect尊敬，正式用语，指对父母、年长者、正直的人、学者、法律等的尊敬或敬重。
如：
he respects his parents.他尊敬父母。
（2）honour尊敬，非常尊敬（＝respect highly）指对君主、长辈、父母、贵人、德高之人、正直之人、天神等的敬意。
如：
he was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。
（3）regard尊敬，指对父母、他人的感情、法律等的尊敬。
we all regard our english teacher highly.我们都很尊敬我们的英语老师。
2.be sure of与be sure to do
be sure of(或that)主语是人，主语感到“有把握，确信”